Micronuclei are a eukaryotic type of biological cells in an unusual structure. It is the nuclear body located in the cytoplasm independent of the main nucleus. It is showing round and oval-shaped, and divorced from outside the main nucleus. The main damage is from external factors (biological, physical, chemical), having effect on the cells, leading to chromosome loss and fracture, and thus developing a number of nucleosome in the cytoplasm.

The rapid development of modern industry results in a large number of new compounds. While the application of atomic energy, a variety of industrial waste discharges might pollute the environment, and has become one of the major pathogenic factors in modern human. Micronucleus tests have a very wide range of applications in impact of foreign compounds (such as pharmaceuticals, food additives, pesticides, cosmetics, environmental pollutants, etc.) on the human such as the detection of genetic toxicity. Many research institutions at home and abroad use the micronucleus test for radiation damage, radiation protection, chemical mutagens, drug testing, safety assessment of food additives, as well as diagnosis of cancer and other diseases.

Micronucleus frequency reflects the influence degree of the external damage factors on the human body. The size of micronuclei has a positive correlation with the dose of the role of factors and the cumulative effect of radiation, which is like the chromosomal aberrations. Micronucleus test is equal to the classical method of chromosome aberration analysis in sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

The product mainly uses the micronucleus frequency of human peripheral blood lymphocytes or exfoliated epithelial cells to measure the damage of the human body by the external factors. The damage of genetic toxicology suffered by the epithelial tissue is very valuable, which can help understand the genetic damage of high-risk groups, determine its risk of causing cancer and other diseases, and can check the effectiveness of prevention interventions. The high micronucleus frequency detected by the product reflects a great damage of a person's life, work, etc. by the environment, and provides appropriate recommendations for related disease prevention or therapeutic intervention.